What are the tortuous collaterals seen around the umbilicus referred to as?

The term "Caput Medusa" describes the appearance of tortuous collateral veins that can develop around the umbilicus in response to increased pressure in the portal venous system, commonly due to conditions such as portal hypertension. The pattern resembles the appearance of Medusa’s head, which is characterized by a mass of snakes. This condition often indicates significant underlying liver disease, such as cirrhosis or portal vein obstruction, leading to the development of collateral vessels as the body tries to reroute blood flow.

While the other terms provided refer to different conditions or phenomena related to vascular changes in the liver or portal system, they do not specifically describe the tortuous collateral veins around the umbilicus. Portal Vein Gas refers to the presence of gas within the portal vein, generally indicating a severe underlying condition, while Cavernous Transformation relates to the development of a network of small vascular channels in the setting of portal vein thrombosis. Budd-Chiari Syndrome is associated with hepatic venous outflow obstruction leading to liver damage, but does not specifically indicate the pattern of collateral circulation around the umbilicus. Thus, the correct association for the tortuous collaterals seen around the umbilicus is Caput Medusa.