What does a non-functioning kidney consisting of non-communicating cysts indicate?

A non-functioning kidney that consists of non-communicating cysts is indicative of multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK). MCDK is a developmental defect that occurs due to abnormal kidney formation in utero. In this condition, the affected kidney is typically enlarged and contains multiple cysts of varying sizes that do not communicate with each other. The absence of proper renal parenchyma results in a kidney that does not function effectively, leading to renal insufficiency.

Multicystic dysplastic kidney usually occurs unilaterally, and the contralateral kidney often compensates for the loss of function, which is typically functional. This condition is usually diagnosed in prenatal ultrasounds and can result in a range of clinical manifestations, including hypertension and urinary tract infections due to the structural abnormalities.

Understanding the characteristics and implications of multicystic dysplastic kidney is crucial for management and prognosis, as the condition requires monitoring to address potential complications.