What is the ultrasound appearance of acute cholecystitis?

The ultrasound appearance of acute cholecystitis is characterized by specific findings that indicate inflammation and potential complications associated with the gallbladder. The correct answer includes gallbladder wall thickening, which is a direct sign of inflammation, as well as pericholecystic fluid, which signifies the presence of fluid around the gallbladder that can occur due to irritation and inflammation of the surrounding tissues. Additionally, the presence of gallstones is often noted, as they are commonly the inciting factor in cases of acute cholecystitis.

These combined findings—thickened gallbladder wall, surrounding fluid, and gallstones—help differentiate acute cholecystitis from other conditions. For instance, while a dilated common bile duct and gallstones might suggest a different pathology, the specific inflammation associated with cholecystitis is best captured by wall thickening and fluid around the gallbladder.

Other options, such as anechoic fluid around the gallbladder, may indicate benign conditions like a simple cyst, while a hyperechoic gallbladder filling defect without the accompanying thickening or fluid does not accurately reflect the typical findings associated with acute cholecystitis. Thus, the presence of wall