Which syndrome is characterized by extrahepatic biliary obstruction due to an impacted stone in the cystic duct?

Mirizzi syndrome is characterized by extrahepatic biliary obstruction that occurs as a result of an impacted gallstone in the cystic duct. This condition typically arises when a stone becomes lodged in the cystic duct, leading to inflammation and potential compression of the common bile duct. This obstruction can result in various complications, such as jaundice and cholangitis.

In essence, Mirizzi syndrome emphasizes the relationship between a gallstone in the cystic duct and the obstruction it causes within the biliary system. Through ultrasound, one can often identify the stone in the cystic duct, which helps confirm the diagnosis. Additionally, recognizing this syndrome is crucial for appropriate management, as it may differ from other conditions that cause biliary obstruction.

The other conditions mentioned are associated with different mechanisms and presentations. Cholangitis, for instance, is an infection of the bile duct system that occurs due to obstruction and is distinct from the direct mechanical blockage caused by a stone in the cystic duct. Cholecystitis refers to inflammation of the gallbladder, often due to a gallstone but does not necessarily involve extrahepatic biliary obstruction. Empyema of the gallbladder is the accumulation of pus within the gallbladder, often